The present study investigated the effect of two picture presentation modes, namely still-picture versus motion-picture presentation on the learning and retention of target vocabulary items (i.e., phrasal verbs) by a group of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, we have selected 90 intermediate EFL learners, and randomly assigned them to two experimental groups and a control group. The experimental groups underwent a particular picture presentation mode while the control group followed the conventional vocabulary learning instruction in place at their language institute. Results of the repeated measures ANCOVA revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in terms of the picture presentation modality used while teaching target vocabulary items and that the difference created a statistically significant effect on the participants' learning and retention of target vocabulary items. In addition, results of the pairwise comparisons revealed that the motion-picture presentation of phrasal verbs was more effective in terms of the vocabulary learning and retention compared with the other two treatments, namely still-picture presentation and regular presentation of phrasal verbs. Collectively, our results are informed by the Dual Coding Theory and Additivity Hypothesis, revealing that pictorial presentation and the motion picture mode are both effective vocabulary instruction methods in terms of vocabulary learning and word retention. The implications and direction for future research are also provided at the very end.
Najafi Karimi, S. , & Habibi, Z. (2024). Investigating the Impact of Using Different Forms of Picture Presentation on EFL Learners’ Phrasal Verb Learning and Retention. Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching, 02(2), 31-47. doi: 10.22080/iselt.2025.27496.1072
MLA
Shaban Najafi Karimi; Zahra Habibi. "Investigating the Impact of Using Different Forms of Picture Presentation on EFL Learners’ Phrasal Verb Learning and Retention", Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching, 02, 2, 2024, 31-47. doi: 10.22080/iselt.2025.27496.1072
HARVARD
Najafi Karimi, S., Habibi, Z. (2024). 'Investigating the Impact of Using Different Forms of Picture Presentation on EFL Learners’ Phrasal Verb Learning and Retention', Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching, 02(2), pp. 31-47. doi: 10.22080/iselt.2025.27496.1072
CHICAGO
S. Najafi Karimi and Z. Habibi, "Investigating the Impact of Using Different Forms of Picture Presentation on EFL Learners’ Phrasal Verb Learning and Retention," Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching, 02 2 (2024): 31-47, doi: 10.22080/iselt.2025.27496.1072
VANCOUVER
Najafi Karimi, S., Habibi, Z. Investigating the Impact of Using Different Forms of Picture Presentation on EFL Learners’ Phrasal Verb Learning and Retention. Interdisciplinary Studies in English Language Teaching, 2024; 02(2): 31-47. doi: 10.22080/iselt.2025.27496.1072
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